| Full name | Ernst Lohmeyer |
|---|---|
| Born | 1890 |
| Died | 1946 |
| Region | New Testament Studies |
| School | New Testament |
| Main interests | New Testament exegesis Pauline theology |
Ernst Lohmeyer (1890–1946) was a German scholar of the New Testament, evangelic theologian and Bible professor, executed by Soviet authorities occupying the former East Germany.
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Ernst Lohmeyer was born on July 7, 1890, in Dorsten (Westfalen), as a son of parson, Carl Heinrich Ludwig Lohmeyer (1851–1918). On July 24, 1912 he wrote his bachelor's thesis on "Der Begriff der Diatheke in der antiken Welt und in der Griechischen Bibel". In 1914 he wrote a dissertation "Die Lehre vom Willen bei Anselm von Canterbury", for which he received a doctor of philology. After his army service in 1913-1918 he graduated in Heidelberg (1918) and was appointed Professor extraordinarius (1920), and Professor ordinarius (1921). He worked as professor of New Testament Theology at the University of Breslau (now Wrocław). He was rector of the university in 1930/1931.
Lohmeyer opposed the Nazis and all related fascist impulses within the German church and society from their onset in the early 1930s.[1] He demonstrated his friendship and solidarity with Jewish professors Martin Buber and Jonas Cohn, in an era of strong antisemitism. Lohmeyer wrote to Martin Buber in 1933 that "the Christian faith is only Christian as long as it retains in its heart the Jewish faith".[n 1] In this period the Protestant Church was very quiet on the Jewish question. Gerhard Kittel even attacked Buber. On October 15. 1935 he was demoted from a professorship in prestigious Breslau to the relative backwater of Greifswald for his opposition to the Nazis.
During World War II Lohmeyer did not decline Wehrmacht service because of consequences for his family and became a military officer in Holland and Belgium and on the German East front, on the territory of Poland, and Russia. He remained a Wehrmacht officer from 1939 to 1943 and distinguished himself by wise and courageous leadership and benevolent oversight of occupied areas. After the war, he was a natural choice for rector of the reconstituted University of Greifswald, where he had been a New Testament professor since 1935.
On February 15, 1946, Lohmeyer was arrested, by the Soviet political police, or NKGB, at midnight and whisked away while his home was being ransacked before the eyes of his astonished wife. He vanished without a trace. His family knew no details for the next five years.[2]
Lohmeyer was killed on September 19, 1946 while in Russian custody. His death was officially confirmed on December 12, 1957. He was rehabilitated by the Russian government on August 15, 1996.
Lohmeyer published over three hundred items,[3] among them monographs on New Testament ecclesiology, the Philippians-Colossians-Philemon corpus, the Gospel of Mark, New Testament history and backgrounds, the Book of Revelation, the relation between Old and New Testament traditions, the historical Jesus, eschatology, and Pauline theology. The Book of Revelation interprets as a thoroughly eschatological book.
He was also the author of hundreds of works still unpublished. They are also important.[4]